Pathogenesis and Management of Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy.

INTRODUCTION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many cases of acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) secondary to COVID-19 have been reported. ANE is characterized by a rapid onset, a fulminant course, and low morbidity and fatality rates. Therefore, clinicians need to be vigilant for such disorders, especially during the influenza virus and COVID-19 epidemics. AREAS COVERED: The authors summarize the most recent studies on the clinical spectrum and treatment essentials of ANE to provide references for prompt diagnosis and improved treatment of this rare but fatal disease. EXPERT OPINION: ANE is a type of necrotizing lesion of the brain parenchyma. There are two major types of reported cases. One is isolated and sporadic ANE, which is primarily caused by viral infections, particularly influenza and HHV-6 virus. The other type is familial recurrent ANE, which is caused by RANBP2 gene mutations. ANE patients have rapid progression and a very poor prognosis, with acute brain dysfunction occurring within days of viral infection and requiring admission to the intensive care unit. Clinicians still need to investigate and find solutions for the problems of early detection and treatment of ANE.

Research on Value Co-Creation New Business Model of Import Cross-Border E-Commerce Platform Ecosystem

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the cross-border e-commerce platform has been rising rapidly because of its unique advantages. However, with the widespread application of information technologies such as mobile Internet and big data, fundamental changes have taken place in consumer preferences, consumption patterns, and marketing channels in cross-border e-commerce platforms. They also change the logic of value co-creation (VCC). The platform can achieve survive, expansion, and sustainable development by realising the value co-creation of the whole platform ecosystem. Based on the perspective of the platform ecosystem, this paper uses the grounded theory analysis method and NVivo 11.0 software carries out three-level coding on the obtained original data, and finally summarises and extracts four core categories of value co-creation mechanism: connection and interaction of value co-creators, demand mining, resource integration, and system support. The first two categories reflect stakeholders’ internal connection and interaction mechanism, and the last two categories reflect the external support mechanism in value co-creation.